How to Use Absolute References in Microsoft Excel

1. Enter a value into the cell you want to keep constant.
2. Select another cell in the Excel spreadsheet for the formula that will use the absolute reference.
3. Enter the formula. Use the dollar sign ($) in front of the row reference to keep to keep the row absolute or in front column reference to keep it absolute. For instance, '$C$21' is an absolute reference for cell 'C21,' while 'C$21' an absolute reference to row '21' but but a relative reference column 'C.'